On the southwestern slope of Mount Hermon, where the Jordon River begins, is Caesarea Philippi known also as Panias (or Banias in Arabic). Named for the Greek god Pan, it was built as Caesarea Philippi by Philip, son of Herod. The whole area around Caesarea Philippi is filled with natural beauty, picturesque settings, lively waterways and pistachio trees. Visitors can swim by incredible waterfalls located in one of Joshua’s famous conquest areas. (Joshua 11:17)

Jesus visited Caesarea Philippi together with his disciples:


Jesus went out, along with His disciples, to the villages of Caesarea Philippi; and on the way He questioned His disciples, saying to them, "Who do people say that I am?"  They told Him, saying, "John the Baptist; and others say Elijah; but others, one of the prophets." And He continued by questioning them, "But who do you say that I am?" Peter answered and said to Him, "You are the Christ." Mark 8:27-29

According to Matthew, Jesus appropriately spoke to Peter about building His church on this rock (Matthew 16:18) while next to the massive rock cave in Caesarea Philippi. Established by Ptolemaic Greeks as a Hellenistic city, this was where the center of worship to the god Pan took place. Referred to as the ‘Rock of the Gods’ because of the many shrines built within it, it was also named ‘Gates of Hades’ because it was believed that Baal entered and left the underworld through places where water came out. Interestingly, Matthew also mentioned the gates of Hades:

"I also say to you that you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of Hades will not overpower it." Matthew 16:18